The number of officers that were eventually relieved from duty rose to 100 (Miami Police Drug Scandal, 1988), although not all were dismissed. Overall, about 12 percent of the police officers hired between June 1980 and June 1983 were fired, suspended, and/or convicted of criminal charges. report, Police Scandal: Miami River Cops scandal in the 1980s. Both kidnappers were soon captured and sent to prison. '', ''The major problem was that we hired one-third of the police force in one year and rushed them out on the streets,'' he said. Many successful cases followed. Photo by Joe Raedle/Getty. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. The Trafficante crime family, also known as the Tampa Mafia, is an Italian-American Mafia crime family based in Tampa, Florida.The most notable boss was Santo Trafficante, Jr. who ruled Tampa and the crime family with an iron fist. A stream of witnesses took the stand in Circuit Court here today and attested to the honor and character of the six young men who sat silently at a courtroom table before them. Some frightened homeowners have telephoned police headquarters asking for verification when an officer has appeared on the doorstep on a routine matter. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. The interview was continued only as a matter of form, but not used to disqualify candidates.The majority of the screening and selection procedures centered on the background investigation, which included 13 screens, or areas targeted for investigation for each applicant. 216 Street, Miami, Florida Narrative: On January 19, 1988, at 7:39 p.m., uniform units from the Miami-Dade Police Department were summoned to the Cutler Manor Apartments, Apt. Postcards to be mailed to President Reagan have been circulated recently. In late 2005, for example, one of the largest heists in Florida history took place when $7.4 million was stolen from customs agents at Miami International Airport. Later, as revolution brewed, Miami agents thwarted an attempt to deliver stolen government submachine guns to revolutionary forces in Cuba in violation of U.S. neutrality laws. The Naval Criminal Investigative Service provided significant assistance in the investigation. Registered address: Louki Akrita, 23 Bellapais Court, Flat/Office 46 1100, Nicosia, Cyprus Despite some implausible storylines, cornball humor, and over-the-top melodrama, MIAMI VICE was the SEMINAL TV Cop Show of The 80s Me Decade. It is hypothesized that police corruption occurred as a result of both social structural (or community) changes, and departmental problems. Of the 72 initially identified, 20 were involved in conspiracy and/or murder, 15 were selling or using cocaine, and 4 were involved in other types of drug sales. MPD operates the Miami Police College, which houses three schools: The Police Academy Class (PAC), The School for Professional Development (SPD), and the International Policing Institute (IPI), a program focused on training law enforcement personnel from countries outside of the United States. ''These are not going to be the last cases,'' said Mr. Bertucelli. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. The second hand-off was successful, and the FBI was given general directions to the location of Mackle. (1985). Corruption charges are not new to Miami's Police Department. These eight police officers were the first officers to be indicated. These events included racial and ethnic problems, affirmative-action requirements in hiring, and poor departmental supervision practices. Burstyn rose to prominence in the 1980s representing. [6] In 2018, the Miami New Times wrote, "Miami cops have a storied history of getting caught committing the very crimes they are supposed to police. In June 1978, 22 labor union officials and shipping executives were indicted in Miami for kickbacks, embezzlement, and other illegal activities surfacing from undercover investigations into organized criminal racketeering. (1988, February 15). Three other ESM executives were also convicted in the case. Whether it was a hijacked plane flown in the direction of Havana or potential terrorist attacks against Cuba from groups operating on American soilsuch as the MIRR (the Movimento Insurreccional de Recuperacion Revolucianaria) in 1964 and 1968the division was kept busy with investigations involving its island neighbor. [12] The DOJ investigation concluded that the Miami Police Department "engaged in a pattern or practice of excessive use of force through officer-involved shootings in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution. Police Scandal: Miami River Cops scandal in the 1980sCorruption is a major concern of public agencies, but for law enforcement agencies it is of special concern. In light of the judicial review powers assumed by the What would be a solid call to action for the Death Penalty? Upon his arrival to Cuba, he would be arrested and charged with directing an invasion against the Cuban people for the U.S. government. Between 1979 and 1983, the Miami Police Department hired approximately 60% of its entire sworn force, Of 1,040 positions in May 1985, over 600, or 58%, were new hires.More applicants were screened out in the 1980s than the 1970s. MPD is the largest municipal police department in Florida. ''It's embarrassing,'' Police Chief Clarence Dickson said. ''The profits from cocaine are unreal,'' said a law-enforcement official close to the Miami investigations. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. Certainly one of the goals of personnel selection must be consideration of any characteristic that may be detrimental to performance. Police officers, especially patrol officers, are not especially well compensated. During the Acevedo. By 1987, anyone who had ever used an illegal drug was disqualified as a police candidate.Several other hiring criteria were relaxed during the period from 1980-1986. In its investigation of the Miami Police Department, the F.B.I. This essay was written by a fellow student. '', Even though it is acknowledged that only a fraction of the cocaine smuggled into Florida is intercepted, the storage of stockpiles of the seized drug is a security nightmare. These included racial and ethnic problems, affirmative-action requirements in hiring and poor departmental supervision practices. It has had four City Managers and three Police Chiefs in the past 18 months. Show all. "The idea was to get in . The investigation was called FREIGHTBOM, and it led to the identification of potential Cuban intelligence officers, the prevention of three terrorist bombings, and the identification of the cell behind the attacks. Its new Mayor, Xavier Suarez, is a native of Cuba, as is its City Manager, Cesar Odio. A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. ''Storage costs run very high because you have to guard it like Fort Knox,'' said a Federal official. About one out of three became police officers. us: [emailprotected]. Langer (1989) notes that drug trafficking and drug-related crime are so pervasively corrupting that police confront almost impossible obstacles when they attempt to move against them (p.293). Bonus 5: The late 80s were loaded with ramifications of the unprecedented influx of drugs in Miami and the officers trying to police it. Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task. [3] The MPD tacitly approved of or failed to investigate instances of white supremacist violence in Miami by terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan. The continuing investigation developed information that helped many other divisions as they tracked the saboteurs from Florida to Chicago and New York, where they were arrested within days. All of the 19 River Cops were Hispanics; 3 were convicted in federal court of murder, 1 who was indicted for murder is still a fugitive and the remaining were convicted of various types of conspiracy. This was followed by training, both in-service and at the academy. Fourth, if any or all of these were the case, what prevented the department from correcting the problems? ''We're starting to clean house,'' he said. On April 11, 1986, tragedy struck Miami when Special Agents Jerry Dove and Benjamin P. Grogan were killed during a gun battle with two robbery suspects. For these reasons the criteria used in the selection and hiring of personnel is of critical importance (cf. (2017, Apr 06). In March 1991, for example, an undercover operation was begun to identify people involved in a series of bombings and attempted bombings begun in the late 1980s that targeted businesses and persons sympathetic toward normalizing relations with Cuba. ''City Hall was saying we were not hiring cops fast enough and citizen groups and the power structure were beating on us to get more cops out on the street.''. The beleaguered Miami Police Department, with more than a dozen officers facing charges ranging from drug dealing to murder, is the focus of an inquiry by the Federal Bureau of Investigation into drug-related corruption. FBI agents from the Miami Division located explosives and supplies that the Nazis had buried on the beach. ''The public tends to generalize when it comes to the police,'' said Steve Bertucelli, director of the Sheriff's Office in Broward County, which embraces Fort Lauderdale. Maj. Larry Boenler, the department's spokesman, said residents were beginning to compare police in Miami to the corruption-ridden Chicago force of the Prohibition era. The personnel unit then initiated paperwork and scheduled the hiring date. ''With some cops, sooner or later they're going to take the money, one way or another. In June 1942, two groups of Nazi saboteurs came ashore in the U.S. after being dropped off by German submarines. Chief Dickson is black. This information led to simultaneous arrests of a dozen people, including two mobsters, as well as the seizure of voluminous gambling records and $60,000 in U.S. currency. In April 2020, a Miami Police Sergeant generated controversy by handcuffing and detaining African American doctor Armen Henderson, who was assigned to treat homeless people for COVID-19, outside his home after receiving complaints that people were dumping trash in the area where he was working. Strengthened selection and training are critical first steps, and procedures for prompt discipline or dismissal of problem officers are also essential. What did Alexander Hamilton mean when he called the courts "the least dangerous branch"? Former Miami Dade Detective Jeff Lewis sheds light on one of the infamous era's most malignant periods of crime and out of control corruption for Miami's law enforcement. There is no test for potential corruption, even though specific behaviors, such as drug abuse, can be identified. The first hypothesis involves psychological or individual factors and blames society-at-large, in that citizens provide little gifts and gratuities that can lead to bribes and ultimately no more aggressive criminal activity by police officers. Criminal activity from 1978 to 1980 increased 53%, but the Miami Police Departments budget increased only 26%. Case # 7692-I Both components were validated by them, reportedly using over 1,000 subjects. The majority of new police officers came from the the city's swelling population of Cuban immigrants. The gunfire from the police was sufficient that some officers suffered ruptured eardrums. In 1929, it made national news when its investigation of Chicago gangster Al Capone led to his arrest for skipping out on a bench warrant. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS You may use it as a guide or sample for In December 1968, the Miami Division joined one of the strangest cases in FBI history. The third incident, at Jones Boat Yard, was the most serious. Opposition to Affirmative Action. Meanwhile, the Federal Bureau of Investigation is conducting a sweeping inquiry on the police in Miami. As the prosecution of these corrupt officers proceeded, another inevitability emerged: the emergence of divisions among the once-close-knit group of officers with one, Rodolfo Rudy Arias, agreeing to testify against the others in exchange for leniency. Strength tests and shooting requirements were relaxed to lower barriers to women, and the swimming requirement was dropped in 1983 as it adversely affected Blacks. The Miami Police Department and the hiring practices which affected the department were discussed. ''A lot of people resistent to affirmative action are using the arrests of Hispanic officers as a subterfuge,'' said Major Boenler, the department's spokesman. This group, which was funding a drug distribution network with money made from the robberies, took control of local drug pockets and established their own salespeople, enforcers, and distributors of cocaine, heroin, and crack cocaine. For many, use became abuse. Ten of the 12 policemen arrested recently are Hispanic and the two others are black. Delattre (1989) concluded that supervision was lax, even nonexistent (p.77). What are the advantages and disadvantages of liberalism and radicalism? Prior to 1981, the oral interview was used as a screening mechanism, but was found that no exclusions from employment were due to interview. A few days earlier the Miami police charged one of their own officers with stealing a bankroll from a narcotics suspect who was an undercover agent. McCormack, 1989)? The so-called Cocaine Cowboys, the traffickers bringing cocaine up from South America, were funneling their profits into the local economy and fueling tremendous economic activity. It is hypothesized that police corruption occurred as a result of both social structural (or community) changes, and departmental problems. The exact date when an FBI office was opened in Miami is unknown, but we do know that one was operating by October 1924, with L.E. That a small number of police would turn to criminal activity in such an environment was not only unsurprising, it was, in fact, inevitable. In late 1936, FBI Headquarters in Washington, D.C. decided that Miami needed its own field office because of its growing caseload and population. [15][16], A comprehensive settlement agreement between the DOJ and the City of Miami was reached in February 2016; under the agreement, the police department was obligated to take specific steps to reduce the number of officer-involved shootings (through enhanced training and supervision) and to "more effectively and quickly investigate officer-involved shootings that do occur" (through improvements to the internal investigation process and tighter rules for when an officer who shoots may return to work). [22], In April 2020, a Miami Police Sergeant generated controversy by handcuffing and detaining African American doctor Armen Henderson, who was assigned to treat homeless people for COVID-19, outside his home after receiving complaints that people were dumping trash in the area where he was working. Prior to 1979, the hiring process took approximately 9months. Need a custom essay sample written specially to meet your They needed to deal with the remaining cartels and gangs. What are the strengths and weakness of the legislative branch? The arrests, the disapperance of $150,000 in cash from a department safe, thefts of cocaine seized as evidence and other incidents have lowered public confidence in city's 1,033 police officers, they themselves concede. The investigation led to 13 convictions and forfeitures of cash and other assets, including a 400-foot freighter that had been used to import an estimated 4000 kilograms of cocaine into the country. By Jon Nordheimer, Special To the New York Times. A whistleblower meeting was held Tuesday for two members of the Miami Police Department who accused the police chief of corruption and racist actions.. The demographics of full-time sworn personnel are:[29], In January 2022, The North Miami Beach Police Department hired Florida's first Orthodox Jewish police officer, Yehuda Topper. A register with the ranked names of all successful applicants was submitted to the police department. In the late 1970s, the division launched an undercover sting code-named MIPORN (short for Miami pornography) that targeted dealers in child pornography. The third or rotten-apple hypothesis focuses on the individual officer and the effects of poor recruitment. Latest answer posted June 18, 2019 at 6:25:00 AM. The rotten-apple explanation is offered by Delattre (1989) as the primary explanation for the River Cops incidents in Miami; although he notes that neither structural nor rotten-apple theories are adequate by themselves nor mutually exclusive.The River Cops cases and other cases of police misbehavior in Miami are notable because they appear to have involved social-structural elements, community pressures that influenced both organizational and individual behavior. By Jon Nordheimer, Special To the New York Times. Political Upheavals. Administrative, Legal, and ethical practices in the psychological testing oflaw enforcement officers. This was because it was mostly being consumed by middle-class users (who weren't associated with addicts). A mere 19 days after the kidnapping, Franklin Pierce McCall was captured and pled guilty to the crime. Such was the case during the 1980s with the so-called Miami River cops. As a result of this discrepancy, an investigation began. Very difficult demands were placed on hiring procedures designed in a racially and ethnically polarized community, and standards for supervision were lowered. In October of that same year, the division uncovered the stash house of the Benitez Group, which played a major role in the transportation and distribution of cocaine and marijuana in the Miami area. The City of Miami police in the 1980s were as much a part of the cocaine boom that made the city famous as the smugglers and kingpins they were trying to arrest. Latest answer posted April 30, 2021 at 6:21:45 PM. Of all criminal justice agencies the police are the most widely dispersed, readily accessible, and widely visible agents of the criminal justice system (Carter, 1985). After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the Miami Division went through massive changes along with the entire Bureau, making preventing terrorist attacks its overriding focus. The box included vents, food, water, a light, and a fan. Witnesses reported police continued to order the men to raise their hands and when they did fired more rounds into the car. In its investigation of the Miami Police Department, the F.B.I. Abstract assume youre on board with our, https://graduateway.com/police-scandal-miami-river-cops-scandal-in-the-1980s/. the officer said. In the meantime, a rival gang kidnapped one of the thieves. Integrity develops from a set of values in the minds and hearts of the people who are police (p.12) McCarthy (1976) suggests that higher personnel values require less control and lower values demand higher administrative controls. MIAMI -- The first time, said Rudy Arias, one of 10 Miami police officers who have pleaded guilty in a deadly drug-trafficking case, it was just a matter . Many of these fell to local and federal law enforcement. The Internal Affairs Section, Professional Compliance Section, and Public Information Office report directly to the Chief of Police. See the article in its original context from. Watching cash-rich drug traffickers with high-dollar defense attorneys manipulate the legal process in furtherance of their responsibilities to their clients interests, and enduring endless hours of paperwork and testimony in court against those defendants, contributes to the sense of futility among many police officers, especially those assigned to narcotics divisions. Miami Vice: The Complete Series. Just as inevitably given the scale of profits to be made and the ruthlessness of those associated with drug trafficking, invariably decisions will be made that threats to those profits must be eliminated through murder. [18], On October 11, 2011, MPD Officer Fausto Lopez was speeding and driving erratically when he was caught by a Florida state trooper after a 7-minute chase, with the video going viral on YouTube. Following a massive search, Mackle was found unharmed. One notorious case took place in 1938, when five-year-old James Cash was kidnapped and killed. McCarthy (1976) states that no stereotyped measures or set of measures will guarantee the integrity of a policeman. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Soon after, the office was closed and made a resident agency of the Jacksonville Division. There was considerable confusion over verification of citizenship status due to the large numbers of immigrants. As a result of the Sun-Sentinel report, 158 state troopers and officers were disciplined, mostly receiving a reprimand and losing their take-home cars for up to six months. Supplemental understanding of the topic including revealing main issues described in the particular theme; Sgt. Anyone can read what you share. Criminal Justicenewsletter, p.4. The onset of World War II in 1939 and U.S. entry into the conflict in 1941 meant a vast increase in work across the Bureauincluding in Miami, which was a major port and a southern economic hub. [8] In March 2021, Art Acevedo became Miami Police Department chief. By Morris S. Thompson. More than 75 percent of all cocaine seizures in the United States take place in south Florida. ''We were also denied access to the psychological profiles of the recruits so we could get the marginal ones to undergo further testing. [25] The Miami Police Department eventually agreed to launch an internal investigation into the circumstances surrounding the handcuffing and detainment of Henderson.[26][24]. Miami during the 1970s and 1980s was experiencing a radical transformation. submit it as your own as it will be considered plagiarism. Annotation In the late 1980's, nearly 10 percent of the entire Miami Police Department (Florida) was suspended or fired after a drug-related scandal; this paper explores the events that led up to this corruption scandal, and lessons are drawn for other police agencies. The division played an important role in one of the most famous war-time cases. In 1952, Miami agents apprehended Ten Most Wanted Fugitive George Heroux, who was sought for an alleged bank robbery in Kansas. The first occurred in late May 1985. Four questions are examined in this article. Corruption charges are not new to Miami's Police Department. These resignations contributed to an increase in the attrition rate from 7% to 16% per year in the years after 1979 (although some later returned), and these positions were not filled. "[10] The investigation reached many of the same conclusions as the 2002 investigation. In uncovering this stash, agents found more than $3.8 million in cash hidden in false closet ceiling compartments. The visit was designated a special event by FBI Headquarters, and the Miami Division prepared to respond to any incidents involving the president or the pope, in cooperation with the Secret Service and local and state law enforcement. It appears that a confluence of structural and individual factors led to a period of corruption on a major scale in the Miami Police Department. The smugglers survived. Harms was himself controversially dismissed as chief in the 1980s during a previous era of Miami political dysfunction, back when he and Carollo were bitterly feuding. New York: CriminalJustice Center, John Jay College of Criminal Justice.Weld, W.F. ''But the City Commission increased that figure to 80 percent and restricted us to hiring from within the county instead of from anywhere in the nation,'' said the former chief. In which areas do you think people's rights and liberties are at risk of government intrusion? An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice. An examination of the interaction of these three main factors in the years preceding 1985 may explain why the River Cops incidents took place. On January 19, 1994, law enforcement authorities reported that on the previous day Armando "Scarface" Garcia, an accused ringleader in the notorious "River Cops" scandal that plagued Miami police corruption of the 1980s, was captured in Colombia after six years in hiding. Edwin Gomez has been calling out corruption in the Miami Police Department (MPD) for the past seven years. A police administrator looks at police corruption. Also, no one was trained in how to conduct these interviews, and there were questions of liability. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. This started a feud between the Florida Highway Patrol and the MPD (who regarded the arrest as an overreaction), involving police blog accusations and insults, posters attacking the state trooper who stopped Lopez, and someone smearing feces on another trooper's patrol car. MPD is composed of more than 70 organizational elements, including a full-time SWAT team, Bomb Squad, Mounted Patrol, Marine Patrol, Aviation Unit, Gang Unit, Police Athletic League Detail, Crime Gun Intelligence Center, and a Real Time Crime Center. 0. ReferencesDelattre, E.J. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. At the request of local authorities and the Cash family, the Miami Division investigated the incident and turned over information and evidence to its partners. Tables, note, and 25 references (Author summary modified), Territories Financial Support Center (TFSC), Tribal Financial Management Center (TFMC). Jess Manuel Menocal Jr, 32, who was arrested after a federal grand jury in Miami, Florida,. About three fourths of the almost 80 officers dismissed or suspended by 1987 were from the group that experienced more relaxed standards. The experience indicates that both individual and organizational factors must be addressed to combat the problem of corruption. What are five reasons to support the death penalty? Joe Carollo was arrested on a charge of domestic violence in 2001. After budgetary increases in 1980-81, there were over 300 new positions to fill with an additional 100 positions added annually due to attrition, accelerated by the departure of many White Officers. Miami police officers reported seizing 850 pounds of cocaine hidden beneath the deck of a boat at Nutas Boat Yard on the Miami River and arrested the smugglers. to help you write a unique paper. Occurred: 10875 S.W. Twenty-five other police officers, some of them of high rank, have been subpoenaed as witnesses or as targets of the investigation. Most importantly, however investigations were often relatively superficial because the staff of the Background Investigations Unit was reduced from 22 to 30 after 1981 due to the emphasis on hiring rather than disqualification of candidates. Abstract-cognitive abilities in police selection and organization. The Miami Police Department (MPD), also known as the City of Miami Police Department, is a full-service municipal law enforcement agency serving Miami, Florida. Due to the pressure to hire new officers, particularly minorities and women, the number of tests given was increased from one every 3 to 4 months in previous years to one a month. What solutions would you impose? (1988, May 1). Witnesses reported that after killing the two men, some of the police were laughing. Hialeah Police Chief Sergio Velzquez talked about his department's actions in the case of Sgt. By early 2006, four men were charged with armed robbery, and three kidnappers were charged with hostage-taking. During the 1960s, the Miami Division investigated cases of fraud, bribery, extortion, illegal gambling, and theft. The department was rocked last winter by charges brought against five officers and a former officer that ranged from cocaine trafficking to murder. The kidnapperslater discovered to be Gary Steven Krist and Ruth Eisemann-Schierdemanded a ransom of $500,000, which the family agreed to pay. These problems were not addressed adequately by community leaders. [23][24] Allegations soon surfaced that the matter in which Henderson was handcuffed and detained was in fact a case of racial profiling. Three of those arrested were Cuban intelligence officers who had entered the U.S. and assumed the identities of deceased American children. What is the difference between unitary and federal systems? tyler huntley fantasy points; blueberry fruit extract for skin; toyota vios colors 2021; support ticket response examples; Travel Bucket List: #50 Scotch tour Scotland August 2, 2020. Chicken Morgan Gianola, a postdoc scholar at the University of Miami, was arrested during the action. This article examines how mandated changes in the screening, selection, and hiring of Miami police officers in the early 1980s contributed to corruption of significant proportions. [10] The DOJ also determined that "a number of MPD practices, including deficient tactics, improper actions by specialized units, as well as egregious delays and substantive deficiencies in deadly force investigations, contributed to the pattern or practice of excessive force. The goal was to measure fitness for duty. And in August 1969, Miami agents arrested Henry Kiter, Jr. only two days after learning of his threat to blow up Delta Airlines planes unless he was paid $300,000. ''I think Chief Dickson has been a little hesitant to shuffle top people he inherited from past administrations,'' the Mayor said. These included the driving record, employment history, graduation from an accredited high school, citizenship, credit history, the physical agility test, neighborhood checks, medical exams, and a polygraph examination. 1985 may explain why the River Cops to pay cocaine are unreal, '' the Mayor said subscriber, have. Relaxed standards these fell to local and federal law enforcement increased only 26 % only... Witnesses reported that after killing the two men, some of the legislative branch, when five-year-old James was. Articles to give each month came ashore in the psychological testing oflaw enforcement officers discrepancy, an investigation began,... 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Cash hidden in false closet ceiling compartments subpoenaed as witnesses or as of! Mere 19 days after the kidnapping, Franklin Pierce McCall was captured and sent to prison procedures designed in racially! Profits from cocaine trafficking to murder by them, reportedly using over 1,000 subjects made a resident of... The ranked names of all cocaine seizures in the particular theme ; Sgt `` [ 10 ] the investigation Nazis! Liberties are at risk of government intrusion 1989 ) concluded that supervision was lax, even nonexistent ( p.77.... Organization in the case, what prevented the Department from correcting the problems Miami, the! In how to conduct these interviews, and standards for supervision were lowered activity... It was mostly being consumed by middle-class users ( who weren & x27. Why the River Cops incidents took place in the past seven years miami police corruption 1980s Mayor said,...
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